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At the Nelson Weekly debate, left to right: Johny O’Donnell, Nick Smith, Rohan O’Neill-Stevens, Tim Skinner, Matt Lawrey and Kerry Neal. Photograph: Toby Manhire
At the Nelson Weekly debate, left to right: Johny O’Donnell, Nick Smith, Rohan O’Neill-Stevens, Tim Skinner, Matt Lawrey and Kerry Neal. Photograph: Toby Manhire

Local Elections 2022September 13, 2022

The Queen, floods, toxic culture and dancefloor dicks – debate day in Nelson

At the Nelson Weekly debate, left to right: Johny O’Donnell, Nick Smith, Rohan O’Neill-Stevens, Tim Skinner, Matt Lawrey and Kerry Neal. Photograph: Toby Manhire
At the Nelson Weekly debate, left to right: Johny O’Donnell, Nick Smith, Rohan O’Neill-Stevens, Tim Skinner, Matt Lawrey and Kerry Neal. Photograph: Toby Manhire

Whakatū can boast the oldest, one of the youngest, and the most ministerially experienced of NZ’s would-be mayors. Toby Manhire goes on a debate crawl in the city. 

The Queen was remembered across the streets of Whakatū through the weekend. A forlorn New Zealand flag hung at half-mast at the car rental place on Haven Road; a tino rangatiratanga flag did the same outside a Trafalgar Street motel. “ELIZABETH,” said the sign on Vanguard Street outside Tozzetti Cafe in chalk, “THANK YOU FOR BEING OUR QUEEN.”

Inside Tozzetti shortly after 2pm, at the same time as Tasman kicked off against Taranaki down at Trafalgar Park, candidates for council and mayoralty were gathered for a Nelson Residents Association forum – the only stipulation being that they weren’t incumbents. “We want to hear from the newbies,” said association president John Walker. 

Neither of the two mayoral candidates in the house would be so bold as to call themselves newbies, but they did meet the criteria. Kerry Neal completed the last of his three terms as a Nelson City councillor in 1989. At 84, he is reportedly the oldest mayoral hopeful in the country. Neal began with a word for the Queen. “How grateful we are to be part of a global organisation called the Crown!” The monarch, said Neal, was a bastion of “stability and fair play”, in contrast to Nelson City Council, which had become a monstrous machine, like the blob from the film The Blob. Did he mean the 1958 original The Blob or the 1988 remake? There was no time to find out. There were a lot of candidates to get through, they made up close to half of the 50 people in the cafe. I was twice asked if I was one myself. 

The second mayoral candidate was a comparative spring chicken, in the form of Nick Smith. Elected to Rangiora District Council for a term in 1983, Smith went on to serve 31 years as a National MP for Tasman and then Nelson (and the last year as a list MP), more than half of his 57 years on earth. 

The Queen was top of Smith’s mind, too. Thanking the venue for hosting, he said: “Can I tell you, you’re all class out front with that chalkboard acknowledging our Queen and her passing. For 70 years, our Queen has been an anchor for the very best of human values: respect, tolerance, democracy, freedom, community service. If our newly elected council could just make sure to follow those five principles, they would serve this community very well.”

The Queen did not rate a mention a few hours later and five minutes around the corner at the Kismet cocktail bar on Hardy Street. Smith and Neal flanked three other candidates invited to the Nelson Weekly mayoral debate. Matt Lawrey and Tim Skinner, like Neal, have three terms of council experience each. The other, Rohan O’Neill-Stevens, is completing his first term as a city councillor. At 22, he is roughly a quarter the age of Neal and one of the youngest mayoral candidates across the country. (Jett Groshinski, 19, is running in Dunedin;
Lachlan Coleman, 20, is on the ballot in Hamilton.)

Photo: Toby Manhire

Trunks on the dancefloor

If there was diversity in age, however, not so much in gender or ethnicity. That “elephant in the room” was put early on to O’Neill-Stevens. Were there, asked Johny O’Donnell, who moderated expertly through the evening, “too many dicks on the dancefloor”? Yes, said the candidate, there very clearly were. 

Lawery, a left-leaning councillor, suspected the lack of candidacies might have something to do with it having been “pretty intense in Aotearoa New Zealand over the last couple of years”. Smith pointed to the “nastiness and dysfunctionality around the Nelson council table – I think that has put women off”. He added: “Please elect a diverse council. It would be a crying shame in this day and age if we had a council that looked like this stage.”

O’Neill-Stevens said: “You’re never going to see change if the same people keep putting their hands up over and over again. The power of incumbency is very strong. There does have to come a time,” he said, as the collective decades of political experience sat either side staring straight ahead, “where politicians go, ‘I’ve done my dash,’ and step back.”

Neal had already had his say on diversity, in his opening remarks. Nicknamed by one former colleague “the ayatollah of Atawhai”, he reminisced on the good old days on the council of the 70s and 80s. “We used to have a few near-physical dust-ups,” he said. “That was when men were men … How I yearn for the days when we filled the chamber with tobacco smoke, and if that didn’t scare the pesky public out, we would call up the riot squad. That quietened them. Those were the days … when Diversity was the Sheila next door.” 

Undeterred by the groans across the bar, Neal continued: “But best of all was the control we had over journalists. If they didn’t print what we demanded, they were denied entry to the liquor cabinet. Worked every time. Alas they’re a different breed today. They’re all woked up.”

Paradoxically, perhaps, all of them were promising some version of a fresh start, following something of an exodus. As well as the mayor, Rachel Reese, the deputy and five councillors are not seeking re-election. And hopes for a reasonably diverse new intake would have been lifted to some extent by the forum of “newbies” earlier in the day, which included a reasonable gender split as well as candidates from Māori and ethnic minority communities. 

There was also the now commonplace challenging of one would-be councillor over reported links to Voices for Freedom. “I’m on the email newsletter list, that’s all,” the candidate said. When the audience member asked again, she conceded she had agreed to speak at a VFF event, taking the “opportunity to talk on digital privacy”.

Council culture

Nelson is in recovery mode. Floods that struck three weeks ago triggered hundreds of landslides, with more than 150 homes across the region red-stickered. Almost every candidate at both meetings pointed to repair of homes and infrastructure as a priority. Some stressed that such events are returning with increasing frequency, thanks to a heating planet. 

What absorbed greater attention on Sunday, however, was the repair job required within a city council that has become, as O’Donnell put it, “plagued with accusations of bullying, factions, and a lack of professional support”. 

nelson council building
Councillors are unhappy with code of conduct processes at Nelson City Council (Image: RNZ/ Tracy Neal)

Simmering antagonism between Tim Skinner, a right-leaning councilllor, and both Matt Lawrey and Rohan O’Neill-Stevens, who lean the other way, was palpable. Skinner defended his role in an altercation with a protester that saw him judged in breach of the council code of conduct. He’d “had to tolerate political party bullying around the council table”, he said. He asserted that O’Neill-Stevens, who is a Green Party member but standing as an independent, voted in accordance with the Green “agenda”. “Tim, you can make things up but that doesn’t make them true,” countered O’Neill-Stevens.

“You’re speaking a narrative here,” said Skinner.

“Tim, I have never, in my life, been told how to vote.”

“Well, you can say that.”

Given his claims of political party interference, how come, Skinner was asked, he was the only one standing for a ticket, the Nelson Citizens Alliance, the group which took out a four-page “election special liftout” in the latest edition of the Nelson Weekly? “The NCA are a bunch of people with various views – I don’t know which political party they vote for in central government – they’ve made it very clear they’ve stood to give back to the community.” 

Smith was asked whether his own exit from parliament under a “cloud of controversy” over alleged bullying undermined his claims to be well placed to reform the council’s toxic culture. He said: “I don’t know anybody who has served 30 years in parliament without some kind of controversy … There was an incident that occurred a little over two years ago, where I swore, and I raised my voice. I immediately apologised.” 

He added: “I have learned from that,” before stressing that many people had worked in his Nelson HQ over his three decades in parliament. He urged anyone tempted to extrapolate from one incident “to talk to any of the 10 people who have worked in my office”.

“None of them are capable of telling the truth,” muttered a man nudging past me. He continued on to the bathroom where he dry-retched for several minutes. 

Nelson’s Maitai river after it burst its banks on August 18, 2022. (Photo: CHRIS SYMES/AFP via Getty Images)

A full plate

The Queen notwithstanding, the same set of issues predominated in both debates. The post-flood rebuild. Housing. a deflated CBD and the soul of the city. Three waters. The library. The long-discussed Southern Link roading proposal, and what to do given Waka Kotahi won’t prioritise it. Preparing for a changing climate. And – an issue that sparked quite heated debate at the evening debate – whether microchipping of domestic cats should be mandatory. 

Kerry Neal pushed throughout the night the line that everything had “fallen apart” since the 80s. Lawrey said he’d be a “determinedly positive mayor”. Skinner said he’d be “straight” and approachable”. O’Neill-Stevens urged “a new kind of leadership”, and a willingness to admit when wrong.

Smith roused the crowd by taking aim at the halls of power he once stalked. Nelson and the region was getting just “the crumbs off the table” for the millions spent on petrol and road tax. “We’re getting screwed by the Wellingtons and the Aucklands”, he said at the afternoon meeting. He would be “rattling the cage hard to get our fair share of the transport pie, for cycling, walking, buses and freight”. He further insisted, to a mixed response, that the swollen price tag for a new library mean the project as a whole should be “put on ice”.

Lawrey cautioned against an “austerity” approach, which could only mean “we’re not going to get the smart city we deserve, we’re not going to get a city that attracts talent, that retains talent, that retains young people – these are the things we need for the future.”

With the widest name recognition and the fattest CV – he rarely missed a chance to remind us he’s held 15 portfolios – Nick Smith is, according to most of the people I spoke to over a weekend in Nelson, the favourite. It’s made a little more complicated, however, by the city’s decision to move to single transferable vote (if you need a refresher, try this). 

With that in mind, the candidates were asked whom they’d advise their backers to write a “2” beside on their voting forms. “You know what, folk,” said Neal, “I haven’t even started to study this amazing new system.” Lawrey went next: O’Neill-Stevens, he said. Actually, wait, said Neal, I back Skinner. Smith, said Skinner. Lawrey, said O’Neill-Stevens. Skinner, said Smith.

‘If you regularly enjoy The Spinoff, and want it to continue, become a member today.’
Toby Manhire
— Editor-at-large

The motel 

The final word goes to someone who wasn’t on the stage at the mayoral debate, but did take to her feet at the candidates’ meeting. Bernie Goldsmith is one of two candidates for the single Māori ward seat, newly introduced for this election. She was enthusiastic about Whakatū, she told the crowd at Tozzetti. But the city was not a slice of paradise for everyone. 

“It’s been an unusual week,” she said. “I got my flash flyers, had my new shoes on, had my Māori roll with 1,700 beautiful people I was going to visit. I was at Tāhuna, and I couldn’t find them. Where were they? Where’s my people so I can get them to vote for me? So after about an hour and a half I was leaning against the Muritai Street dairy and looked across the road at the motel there. I thought: are they there? So I walked across the road and I walked in …

“I knocked and a beautiful Māori woman comes to the door, and I start my speech. She goes: ‘I know who you are. I’ve seen the billboards – I’ve heard about you.’ I said, do you know where the Māori people are? She said: ‘They’re all here.’ And I looked around and thought: is this emergency housing? Is this where our people are?”

It was the same across the city, she said, as affordable rentals dried up. “Gentrification has pushed our people out of places like Toi Toi Street, Tāhuna, Nelson South, and pushed them into motels. It’s a real eye-opener.” She said: “It’s hard to get them to vote, as well! So if we don’t get a high turnout this time, aroha mai. We’ll get there eventually.”

Don’t forget to check out Policy.nz, your complete guide to the policies and positions of the candidates for the 2022 local elections.


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It’s democracy, baby!

Local Elections 2022September 12, 2022

As easy as 1, 2, 3: How to vote using STV

person gesturing to a cartoon 'local elections 2022' sign
It’s democracy, baby!

More councils than ever are using the single transferable vote system in the local elections this year. But how does using numbers to vote actually work? Graeme Edgeler explains all.

New Zealand’s local election campaigns have started, with hopeful mayors, councillors, and local board members knocking on doors, posting on Facebook and turning up to meet the candidate events to try to get your vote.

You will hopefully have received a letter telling you you’re enrolled, and from September 16 voting papers will be posted out. If you didn’t get an enrolment update pack sent to you in July, and you haven’t enrolled since, you won’t be posted voting papers. But it’s not too late to enrol, you’ll just need to check with your local council about casting a special vote.

Every voter is voting in multiple elections – for councils, and mayors, and perhaps local boards or community boards or trusts.

Not all of the elections use the same voting system, so it is important to read your voting paper to check how you are supposed to vote in each election. Some elections will be with ticks (sometimes one – for example when voting for a mayor – and sometimes more than one, if you’re voting in a council ward which elects multiple councillors).

One of the voting systems some of us will be using is called Single Transferable Vote (or STV), where voters use numbers to vote.

Voting in an STV election is as easy as 1, 2, 3. You just number the candidates in order from your favourite to least favourite – but there is sometimes some confusion, so I’m going to try to clear that up.

What is STV?

STV is Single Transferable Vote. It is a voting system where everyone gets one vote, but that vote, or part of that vote, can transfer from one candidate to another candidate. It can be used to elect one candidate – like a mayor – or to elect multiple candidates in a single ward. It is generally considered a proportional voting system.

What elections use STV?

This year, 15 councils will be using STV, including four – Far North District Council, Gisborne District Council, Hamilton City Council and Nelson City Council – that are using it for the first time. Those repeating their use from last time are Kaipara District Council, Tauranga City Council, Ruapehu District Council, New Plymouth District Council, Palmerston North City Council, Kapiti Coast District Council, Porirua City Council, Wellington City Council, Greater Wellington Regional Council, Marlborough District Council and Dunedin City Council.

How do you vote in an STV election?

You rank the candidates with numbers. Put a 1 next to the candidate you most want to win, a 2 next to your next favourite, then a 3 for the next person and so on.

So I can rank all the candidates? Do I have to?

You can rank all the candidates if you want, but that can be a lot of work if there are a lot of candidates. It’s a good idea to rank a few candidates, but if only want to rank one or two faves, that’s OK too – your vote will still be counted.

Who to vote for? Policy.nz can help. (Illustration: Ezra Whittaker-Powley)

What are the ways my vote might not count in an STV election?

If you don’t rank anyone at all with a “1”. Or if you rank more than one person with a “1”. Or if you vote using multiple ticks, like in a first past the post election.

If you muck up the later numbers – like accidentally ranking two candidates with “3”s – your vote won’t be able to transfer to help them or anyone lower, but your earlier rankings will still count.

And, of course, your vote also won’t count if you don’t vote!

Not sure who you want to vote for? Check out Policy.nz, your complete guide to the policies and positions of the candidates for the 2022 local elections.

I know who my favourite candidate is, but I want to make sure my vote has the biggest possible impact, what should I do?

Rank your favourite candidate with a “1”. Then rank as many of the other candidates who you think are OK. If your favoured candidate doesn’t win, ranking other candidates will mean you have some input over the other result. Giving people lower rankings can help them win. There might be a lot a candidates running in a mayoral election for example, but perhaps only three or four with a strong chance of winning. If you want to make sure your vote in that race affects the outcome, after ranking your first choice candidate(s), rank everyone else, or at least try to rank at one or two of the well known candidates.

But if I give someone I don’t like a ranking, couldn’t this hurt the chances of candidate I like more?

No.

Under the STV voting system we use in New Zealand, giving rankings to extra candidates can never hurt the chances of anyone you rank higher.

I have a favourite candidate, but I really don’t have much preference between the other candidates, should I just rank one or two candidates?

If you want. You get to decide what’s important to you when deciding how to vote. There is no requirement to try to vote tactically to help some candidate you might even not want elected. If there’s a candidate you like rank them first, if the other candidates are all meh you don’t have to choose between them. Of course, if there are some who are OK, some meh, and some who are actively bad, you can rank them in that order.

If there are a bunch of people whom you think are just as bad each other, or you know nothing about, your vote will still count if you don’t rank everyone. If the election comes down to race between people you haven’t ranked, you won’t help determine the result, but if you don’t mind which of them is elected, this shouldn’t bother you too much.

But if I do rank everyone, could some of my vote could still go to someone I’m not a fan of?

Yes. But only if all the people you ranked higher than them have already been elected, or cannot possibly win.

By ranking a candidate lowly, you’re not helping them beat people you like more than them, you’re only helping them against people you dislike more.

Ranking all the candidates helps ensure that what you might consider “the greater of two evils” won’t be elected.

But what if I really don’t want to rank everyone?

You don’t have to.

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But if there’s someone I really don’t want elected, I should rank everyone else above them?

Yes. Ranking someone last, and ranking every other candidate above them, is the best way to ensure a candidate you are really opposed to isn’t elected.

And this can’t cause any damage?

It cannot harm the prospects of anyone you rank higher.

Seriously though, how does the counting work?

I won’t go into it in great detail, but…

First, the number 1s on every ballot are counted.

If it’s a one-person race – like an election for mayor – then someone has to get more than half of the votes to win. If no-one does, then the candidate with the lowest number of 1s is declared to have lost. All the second rankings of people who voted for that candidate are then added to the votes for the other candidates. The votes of anyone who voted for the candidate being excluded that didn’t have a valid second ranking are set aside.

If anyone now has a majority of the remaining votes, they’re elected. If not, the candidate who now has the lowest number of votes is declared to have lost, and the second rankings of the people who voted them number 1 are added to the votes of the other people. If anyone voted the first loser as number 1, and this candidate as number 2, then their third preference is added instead. If anyone who voted number 1 for this candidate, had their second choice as the candidate who was kicked out in the first round, then their third preference is used.

This keeps going on, until someone has more than half of the remaining votes.

But what about in STV elections where you’re electing more than one person?

Multi-member seats operate on the same basic principle, but with a couple of extra twists. Instead of needing more than half the votes, candidates need to beat a quota, which is set so that only the right number of candidates can be elected. In a one-person race, this is more than half, because it is impossible for two or more people to both get more than half of the votes. If your ward is electing two people, the quota is set at just over a third of the votes (because it’s impossible for three candidates to each get more than third of the votes); if it’s five people, then it’s just over one-sixth of the votes.

The main extra twist is that the vote counting continues after some  candidates have already won. If your ward is electing three people, the votes keep transferring until three people are elected. There’s also an extra step. Before the lowest-ranked person is declared to have lost, and the second preferences of the voters who voted for them are distributed, the excess votes of anyone who has already gotten past the quota and been declared a winner are distributed.

For example, if the quota was calculated as being 100 votes, and on the first round, one of the candidates got 125 votes, then those excess 25 votes are distributed according to second preferences. To make it fair, the second preferences of all that candidate’s voters are used (not just the last 25!); this would mean that an extra 0.2 votes would be added to the second choice of each of the voters that had chosen the winning candidate as their first preference. Only once this is done, is the first loser declared not to have been elected, and are their second preferences distributed. The fractions of votes can get pretty complicated (you might have 0.75 votes going to your first candidate, and 0.20 votes going to your second choice, and 0.05 votes going to your fifth choice), so all the ballots are uploaded to a computer which goes through the calculation.

Is that all?

It’s way more than you need to know to cast an informed vote, but if you do want more detail, there’s a handy government website which explains STV here.

Don’t forget to vote!

If you didn’t get an enrolment pack from Orange Guy in July, then you’re probably not enrolled to vote. You should enrol to vote. You can do this online.

Places like public libraries and other council facilities sometimes have enrolment forms as. Or you can call 0800 36 76 56 and the Electoral Commission will post you a form to fill in You won’t automatically be posted voting papers though, so if you aren’t enrolled yet, check with your council about where you can cast a special vote.

Your voting papers will be sent to you in between 16-21 September, and have to be with your local returning officer by midday on Saturday 8 October. If you’re posting them back, try to get them in the post on or before 3 October, to make sure there’s enough time. If you’re getting closer to the 8th, it might be safer to drop them off in person at the council, or somewhere like a public library. Your council website – and voting papers – should have all the information you need to do this.