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Photo: Brandee Thorburn
Photo: Brandee Thorburn

KaiOctober 4, 2024

Why free school lunches matter – and what one group of students is doing to save them

Photo: Brandee Thorburn
Photo: Brandee Thorburn

A Year 11 social studies class at Waitākere College has been following David Seymour’s campaign to cut funding for free school lunches with interest, and launched a campaign of their own in response.

This is an excerpt from our food newsletter, The Boil Up.

In my past life as a high school teacher, I worked in schools with free lunches and schools without. As a beginning teacher in one of the latter – decile 4, and therefore just above the threshold for the scheme – I quickly learned to plan something low-key when I had my Year 12s after lunch. Why this class specifically? Well, because this school streamed, and we know streaming reflects socioeconomic status, so many of my low-stream seniors were from low-income families, struggling families, or had immensely complicated lives outside of school. These students were less likely to bring lunch to school, or to bring enough lunch to properly sustain their growing bodies and thinking brains. They weren’t being lazy or losing the plot during afternoon classes because they were bad or incapable. They would never admit it, but they were hungry.

Once I figured this out, I pivoted. On my meagre teacher salary, I began buying bags of bread rolls and cheese slices, packets of muesli bars and sacks of apples, all of which would disappear in minutes, save for a few apples. When I eventually moved to a school with Ka Ora, Ka Ako, I couldn’t believe the difference. Afternoon classes were still the worst, especially period five with the Year 10s right after PE, but they were nothing like what I’d experienced before. They were still teenagers, they still had their moments, but teenagers with full bellies can focus, can listen, can learn.

And there was such an abundance of kai. Instead of feeling sick with guilt whenever a student asked if I had any food when I didn’t, I could remind them they only had to hold out a little longer for lunch, or even hand them a mandarin or bag of Grain Waves from my cupboard – there were always leftover snacks which teachers were encouraged to take for their classrooms, or to offer in the tutorials or extra-curricular sessions we ran, or to eat ourselves.

I could write so much about the importance of this programme, but I think it’s more important to hear from the rangatahi on the ground. At Waitākere College, a Year 11 social studies class has been following David Seymour’s campaign to cut funding for free school lunches despite findings that the programme has had “profound impact on wellbeing”, and has taken action by starting the @wc_school.lunches campaign.

“The reason I feel passionate about this campaign is that I feel no student or person should go without food,” Hlaina Goffin (15) explains. “Free school lunches are the only food available to some students, so why should we take away or cut the budget to something that is helping the future people of the country?” Each day, the group take photos of students holding Seymour masks up and handwritten signs with slogans such as “PREVENT FOOD INSECURITY” and “#KEEPITHOT”, posting them to social media and tagging ministers. Many of the students pictured are clutching cardboard boxes containing the very kai they are seeking to protect: shepherd’s pie, butter chicken and rice, beef lasagne, fruit, muffins, cassava chips.

Phil Twyford, MP for Te Atatū, visits Waitākere College to support the campaign

When asked what inspired them to start this campaign, Gabrielle Manuhuia (15) cites her teacher, Ms Thorburn, who introduced the topic of food insecurity to their social studies class and ran an inquiry into the impacts of Ka Ora, Ka Ako, as well as another student at the school who had previously contacted local MP Phil Twyford about the cuts. Maia McQuoid (15) says the funding cuts make her “feel concerned for many of the students at Waitākere College who really enjoy these meals, but not just for them, also their families. Free warm meals have really lifted a weight off many parents and caregivers’ shoulders.”

“One of the main reasons the programme exists is to reduce child poverty, food insecurity and hunger. Hunger is said to put a child back four years behind their peers in school,” Jessica Brooker (15) explains. “Not having enough energy causes them to act up and not have the focus needed. So for children to be benefited by the food they eat at school, kids need to eat something healthy rather than junky.”

But it’s not just other tamariki and rangatahi these student activists are standing up for. Jessica is also concerned about how these cuts will impact the wider school community. “I joined this campaign after hearing that the FED employees (who provide food for us) were going to lose their jobs next year, due to the shift where food will come from a central source rather than from small businesses. My inspiration is the fact that people need jobs and are struggling, yet the government is taking jobs rather than providing opportunities.”

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Toby Manhire
— Editor-at-large
If you can’t go cold turkey, here’s what you should do. (Image: The Spinoff)
If you can’t go cold turkey, here’s what you should do. (Image: The Spinoff)

KaiOctober 2, 2024

The meat lover’s guide to eating a more climate-friendly diet

If you can’t go cold turkey, here’s what you should do. (Image: The Spinoff)
If you can’t go cold turkey, here’s what you should do. (Image: The Spinoff)

Giving up animal products is one of the best things you can do for the planet. But can you have your steak and eat it too?

Another day, another deluge of alarming statistics about meat eating. There are four chickens for every person alive on earth. Livestock is responsible for 11-17% of global emissions, making it as bad or worse than the entire transportation (15%), forestry (6%) and manufacturing (12%) sectors. The expansion of meat consumption and production will threaten the habitats of 17,000 species by 2050. While 83% of the global calorie supply and 62% of the global protein supply comes from plant-based food, 80% of the world’s agricultural land is used for livestock

Dairy isn’t off the hook either, with butter and cheese being some of the least climate-friendly foods we commonly consume in New Zealand. 

The science is clear: eating a plant-based diet is one of the most impactful ways to reduce your carbon footprint. But for the carnivorous foodies among us, it’s also a buzzkill idea. “I’ll catch public transport for the rest of my life,” the foodies wail, “but you will prise the salami from my cold, dead hands.” 

So what is the prosciutto and provolone lover (who also cares about the planet) supposed to do?

Understand that your biggest beef should be with beef 

Beef is by far the worst meat you can eat in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, according to both global and local data, with lamb runner-up. Chicken, on the other hand, is not too bad – 3.97 kg Co2e/kg compared to 21.43 kg Co2e/kg for beef – and ditto yoghurt, eggs and tinned tuna. 

When it comes to impact on the climate, it’s more nuanced to think in terms of individual foods rather than categories: less “meat is bad” and more “beef is really bad, pork is middling, and chicken is OK – maybe even better than nuts”.

So if you can’t face the idea of giving up meat full stop, perhaps start with giving up, or heavily cutting down on, the worst culprit, beef. 

Consider cutting (way) down on pork belly and brie, rather than foregoing it altogether 

Being flexitarian is almost as good for the planet as going vegan, according to a 2021 New Zealand study, and drastically better than the current Kiwi diet based on national nutrition data. Cutting way down on the highest-emitting foods rather than foregoing them altogether is one way to have your steak and eat it too.

But before you get carried away, remember the reduction needs to be meaningful: The EAT Lancet’s protein recommendations (which the above definition of “flexitarian” is based on) prioritise legumes and nuts (60%) while meat accounts for 20% and fish for 14%. This is what your plate should look like if you’re a flexitarian:

What a flexitarian diet should look like. (Image: EAT Lancet)

Just a sliver of dairy and meat! By contrast, the current Kiwi diet has Aotearoa ranking 13th for beef and veal consumption globally, seventh for poultry meat and third for sheep meat, and New Zealanders may be eating around 284g of beef and lamb a week, according to data from the 2020 OECD-FAO – which, however you cut it, is more than a sliver. 

Still, cutting your animal protein down to just a small fraction of your plate is arguably the best way to express your true love for meat and dairy: savouring it in small doses shows more appreciation than mindlessly chowing down bulk amounts. 

Waste not, want not 

Given meat and dairy are climate-guilty pleasures, one no-brainer if you’re going to consume them anyway is to be vigilant about not wasting them. That means using every part of the animal product: make stock with your leftover chicken bones, for example, and store your edam in an airtight container so that you don’t need to cut off the hard bits that form in the fridge. 

Only buy as much as you need, and keep expiry dates in mind: there’s nothing more heartbreaking (and environmentally brutal) than throwing away an entire tray of meat because you didn’t get around to cooking it in time. 

Consider the little guys

Mussels are a climate-friendly food. (Photo: Getty)

Have you considered eating bugs? They’re nutritious, can be eaten whole (less waste) and insect protein requires a third of the land and a fifth of the water required for beef.

If that’s too much for you to stomach, what about sea bugs? Mussels, clams, oysters and scallops are an easier dietary sell for most people, and it would be very good for the planet if they overtook our beef, lamb and pork consumption. “We know that meat and fish have a greater environmental impact than plant-based foods,” David Willer, a zoologist at the University of Cambridge, told the BBC. “But the environmental footprint of bivalve aquaculture is even lower than many arable crops in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, land and freshwater use.” 

Willer adds that while beef produces 340 tonnes of greenhouse gases per tonne, for bivalve protein it’s just 11 tonnes of emissions per tonne. They also increase biodiversity and clean up the water

‘He mea tautoko nā ngā mema atawhai. Supported by our generous members.’
Liam Rātana
— Ātea editor

Get behind precision fermentation

Precision fermentation is being touted as a food technology as revolutionary as the dawn of farming 10,000 years ago, which could one day see us producing the entire world’s protein on an area of land the size of Greater London, and then rewilding three-quarters of today’s farmland. Better yet, we don’t need to change our tastes and can eat guilt-free meat, milk and cheese without killing any animals. 

You can read about how this magical technology works here. There are milk and cheese alternatives made using precision fermentation available for sale in the US and Germany, but for now, precision fermentation in New Zealand is at the startup stage, potentially due to our soon-to-be-loosed gene tech laws. Maybe you could throw all your coins behind it? 

Sacrifice in other non-food areas 

If you simply can’t face giving up greasy, traditional hamburgers, you could always make pro-planet changes in other areas of your life. Buying an electric car, cycling to work, foregoing international travel and having one fewer kid than you planned to are all good ways to significantly reduce your carbon footprint, you bacon-loving bastard. 

Got any other good ideas for the hopeless carnivores among us? Sound off in the comments. 

Additional research by Shanti Mathias.