Image: Tina Tiller
Image: Tina Tiller

SocietyFebruary 23, 2021

Fed-up residents speak out on grey, characterless things ruining their suburbs

Image: Tina Tiller
Image: Tina Tiller

New Zealand news is replete with heartfelt articles foregrounding the agony of residents standing bravely in opposition to new housing developments (such as, most recently, this in Christchurch and this in Auckland). But what if the stories were told from another point of view? Hayden Donnell gives it a go.

Residents set to move into new townhouses on Mersey St in Christchurch thought they had it all. The street is 15 minutes from the city centre on public transport, and within walking distance of the botanic gardens. Despite its central location, properties are selling for just over $500,000. Buyers saw an opportunity to get a warm, dry home without selling one of their internal organs, in an area where they didn’t have to pack a week’s worth of supplies before setting out on their commute.

But for the townhouse residents, buying a dream home has turned into a nightmare. They’re worried their supposed character suburb is becoming a “sadsack jungle”. The leafy streetscape is increasingly filled with dense clusters of grey, characterless figures glowering at the changing world. These masses of negative energy are loudly opposing housing during a housing crisis, on the basis that they don’t want to look at it. Residents can’t head out on a morning walk without seeing a cluster of sullen people being photographed with their arms crossed for the local paper. 

Christchurch City Council is only making the issue worse. It has not only tolerated these groups’ shoddily designed opinions, but actively encouraged them, elevating their complaints to the full council’s agenda, where they’ll be heard by a mayor who has described allowing new housing in cities as an Auckland thing.

The issue isn’t confined to Christchurch. In the Auckland suburb of Mt Wellington, potential residents of compact townhouses on Ruawai Rd are worried about housing protesters lowering the tone of their neighbourhood. It’s hard for them to look down the street without encountering a dour local who thinks that the council should only allow buildings that are either invisible or already 100 years old. “It’s cheap, rotten housing,” the Herald reports one of the protesters as saying. “I’ve had to put up new blinds,” says another. These townhouse opponents may see the benefits of addressing Auckland’s chronic housing shortage, but would like the council to prioritise making it illegal to build anything they don’t like.

The character of Mersey St and Ruawai Rd may have been marred, but they could still be saved. The same can’t be said of Wellington. The entire capital city is overrun by marauding brigades of grim greybeards who think housing should mainly happen in places where no-one wants to live. 

This situation is exacerbated by news reports siding with these suburb-tarnishing groups. Stuff, the Herald, and other media networks regularly survey Aoteroa’s rising rents, spiralling property prices, and increasing cost of living, and decide the most notable thing about new housing developments is that they’ll run counter to some people’s sense of urban feng shui.

Social media sites are cluttered with the same visual graffiti. “It sucks,” the Herald reported its new commentator “Facebook user” as saying, in reference to new houses being built anywhere. That comment is in keeping with the tenor of many local Facebook community pages, where a typical correspondent might say that while they’re not in favour of homelessness or people living in cars, that’s a sacrifice they’re willing to make if it means not having to see houses. Still more say they understand the need for change, but argue it needs to happen without things actually changing.

These are cheap, rotten opinions, and they’re ruining the character of our cities.  New Zealand has a shortage of about 100,000 houses. A lack of supply is the key factor driving our housing crisis. Land prices have risen 73% faster than incomes since 1973. In Auckland, houses cost 10 times the median income. They’re deemed “severely unaffordable” when that multiple reaches five, so the current market would more appropriately be defined as “hell itself”. In Wellington, it’s only a matter of time before Quinovic rents out one of the city’s burst wastewater pipes as a “snug, basement hideaway”.

The cost of building the kind of housing going up on Mersey St or Ruawai Rd is measured in glum onlookers turning up their noses and saying “it’s not really art”. The cost of failing to build it is measured in people living in cars, competing to pay exorbitant amounts to rent barely habitable shacks, and giving up on their hopes to own a home.  The idea that the former outweighs the latter is one of the most offensive constructions around.

Aspiring homeowners in places like Ruawai Rd or Mersey St are fed up with these poorly designed, joyless naysayers destroying the amenity of their local areas. They get some people won’t like new housing. They even understand the need for those people to be given basic human rights, including the right to shelter. But they can’t understand why they’re allowed to live in places like their leafy neighbourhoods, which are otherwise filled with character and potential. They want these people to find another suburb, and if they’re rejected there, to move onto the suburb, and then another, until they finally get to somewhere that will happily accept them, somewhere invisible, somewhere that doesn’t actually exist. “I get that they need a place to live,” a townhouse resident says. “Just not in my backyard.”

Keep going!
A Covid-19 vaccine candidate was tested on longtail macaques at this breeding centre in Thailand in May 2020 (Photo: MLADEN ANTONOV/AFP via Getty Images)
A Covid-19 vaccine candidate was tested on longtail macaques at this breeding centre in Thailand in May 2020 (Photo: MLADEN ANTONOV/AFP via Getty Images)

OPINIONSocietyFebruary 22, 2021

The Covid vaccine was tested on animals. What does that mean for vegans?

A Covid-19 vaccine candidate was tested on longtail macaques at this breeding centre in Thailand in May 2020 (Photo: MLADEN ANTONOV/AFP via Getty Images)
A Covid-19 vaccine candidate was tested on longtail macaques at this breeding centre in Thailand in May 2020 (Photo: MLADEN ANTONOV/AFP via Getty Images)

Early trials of every approved Covid-19 vaccine involved giving them to animals. Ethicist Ben Bramble explains why vegans have a legitimate right to be upset about this – but why they should get the vaccine regardless. 

Some of my vegan friends are reluctant to get the Covid-19 vaccine. These vaccines do not contain animal products, but animals were used to develop and test them. For instance, early trials involved giving the vaccines to mice and macaque monkeys. So my friends say they feel uncomfortable having a product that uses animals in these ways.

I am very sympathetic to their concerns. Animals are treated appallingly in the production of many goods and in many areas of life.

Nonetheless, I believe vegans can get the Covid-19 vaccine in good conscience. Let me explain why.

Getting the vaccine prevents harming others

A key feature of Covid-19 is you can catch it and pass it on without even knowing you have it, despite your best efforts to avoid this.

This means we each pose a potentially deadly risk to others. Getting the vaccine yourself greatly reduces the chance of you having serious disease. And evidence is emerging that vaccines reduce the chance of you passing on the virus to others.

This means there is an important difference between avoiding products like shampoos and cosmetics tested on animals and not getting the vaccine. Doing the former doesn’t put anyone else at risk. But doing the latter does.

Even most fruit and vegetables are grown in a way that kills or displaces wild animals, uses fish meal and blood and bone to fertilise plants, or requires killing ‘pests’ like mice to protect crops and grain stores (Photo: Getty Images)

Let’s start with fruit and vegetables versus cosmetics

Vegans acknowledge it is virtually impossible to avoid contributing to animal harm entirely. Even most fruit and vegetables are grown in a way that kills or displaces wild animals, uses fish meal and blood and bone to fertilise plants, or requires killing “pests” like mice to protect crops and grain stores.

Many vegans therefore distinguish between animals harmed in this sort of food production, and animals harmed more directly by the meat and dairy industries, as well as in the production of consumer products such as cosmetics.

What is the right basis of this distinction? One possibility is the latter group of animals are killed or harmed directly, as a means to an end, whereas the former group suffers harm as a mere by-product or side-effect of other processes.

But this cannot be the right basis. Killing animals for use in fertiliser or as pests is direct killing.

A more plausible basis for the distinction is unavoidably killing animals in the production of things that are necessary or clearly worth it. We need to grow large amounts of fruit and vegetables. And we cannot — at least, given current technologies — do so without killing some animals along the way.

But we do not need to consume meat or dairy, or wear animal-based clothing or cosmetics tested on animals. There are plenty of excellent alternatives.

So, in ethical terms, which of these products is a Covid-19 vaccine most comparable to: fruit and vegetables, or cosmetics tested on animals?

I think they are more like fruit and vegetables. Covid-19 vaccines are necessary — there is no other credible way out of this devastating pandemic. And the animal harm involved in developing and testing these vaccines was unavoidable. There was no reasonable alternative available, at least not without making big sacrifices in terms of how long we have to wait for vaccines to arrive.

For this reason, I think even though the vaccines used animals directly, their use under the circumstances was permissible, and so vegans can get these vaccines in good conscience.

A volunteer at a clinical trial for a Covid-19 vaccine in Florida in September 2020 (Photo: Eva Marie Uzcategui/Bloomberg/Getty Images)

Why can’t we test on humans?

Some might argue there is an alternative to using animals to develop and test these vaccines — using humans instead, in “human challenge trials”, where volunteers are exposed to the virus in lab-controlled conditions. In fact, the United Kingdom has just given the green light for this type of trial to go ahead for later stages of the testing process.

If we allowed humans to volunteer to be involved at earlier stages of the development and testing process as well, some might put up their hands for this, too. While human challenge trials face serious moral issues, it might be ethically preferable to use consenting humans rather than unconsenting animals.

But involvement at these earlier stages may be so dangerous too few people would volunteer, or we should not allow them to take part. Still, this is a proposal worth considering further.

But I still feel too awful

Some vegans might accept my reasoning but find they just cannot bear to use a vaccine tested on animals.

To these people, I would say: it is perfectly understandable and reasonable to feel uncomfortable about getting the vaccine for this reason. It doesn’t follow, though, that you shouldn’t get it. If the only way to save the planet or your fellow humans is to kill an animal, you should do so even if it is incredibly emotionally hard to do so.

Even so, if as a vegan you simply cannot bring yourself to get the vaccine, this won’t make me grumpy in the same way it makes me grumpy when I hear others — for example, anti-vaxxers motivated by conspiracy theories — say they won’t get vaccinated.

Your reluctance to get the vaccine is rooted in a legitimate grievance about human mistreatment of animals more broadly.

By contrast, people who refuse to get vaccinated because they think Bill Gates is hoping to microchip humanity have no such legitimate grievance behind their aversion.

Humanity caused the pandemic

Experts widely predicted a pandemic would happen sooner or later. Many believe it was a direct result of human activity — indeed, mistreating animals.

Moreover, the fact there aren’t good alternatives to using animals in development and testing is due largely to society’s failure to properly explore and fund such alternatives earlier.

Nevertheless, under current circumstances, our need to use animals to develop and test these vaccines is real. So, the correct path is not to reject Covid-19 vaccines. It’s to reluctantly accept them and lobby hard for better treatment of animals.The Conversation

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons licence. Read the original article.