Three kete, or woven flax bags, on a brown background, representing the three kete of knowledge in Māori lore.
(Image: The Spinoff)

ĀteaOctober 25, 2021

Planning for delta at a community level

Guest writer
Three kete, or woven flax bags, on a brown background, representing the three kete of knowledge in Māori lore.
(Image: The Spinoff)

Discussions for whānau, hapū, marae, and kura.

Content warning: These are taumaha (heavy) discussions. For some they might be fearful, but they are important. For many others, they are discussions that bring some level of comfort because they enable us to prepare.

We have a new traffic light vaccine target system, which will replace alert levels once each DHB in Aotearoa reaches a 90% vaccination rate. Until we reach those levels, and even once we do, we must accept that Covid in our communities is possible. Māori vaccination rates aren’t yet what they need to be, and while quite a few communities (like ours) are pulling out all stops to do what we can to raise the vaccination rates, in the meantime, there are some urgent discussions and plans that we need to carry out, at a community level.

I’ve been getting a lot of requests from different sectors asking me what we should be considering, and it appears there is little guidance out there. Just to remind people: I am not a Covid-19 expert. But I am a researcher, and have a valued network of qualified, independent experts who I trust. We are holding some of these discussions at a community level right now, and so I’m going to share with you what some of these discussions look like.

I’m going to mention the word vaccinate often. That’s because the absolute best prevention measure is to vaccinate. The proof of that is quite simple: it’s in the percentage of positive cases that are unvaccinated:

The most heartbreaking of those lines, for me, is the “under 12” line who did not have a choice whether to vaccinate or not. Every time somebody says it’s about personal choice, I think about them.

Whānau planning

1 Vaccinate.

2 If you have children in your household that are too young to vaccinate, or whānau who are not able to vaccinate for medical reasons, then consider how you need to protect them.

You might want to consider letting people around you know that you have people in your household who do not have the choice, and because the best way to protect them is to ensure everyone around them is vaccinated, then you are only accepting vaccinated visitors.

Click for a large version you can download and print for your whare.

3 Plan for Covid care. If you have unvaccinated whānau in your household, or in the rare instance of a “breakthrough” infection, it is likely you will have to isolate at home.

You should have a plan ready that can be actioned as soon as one of you tests positive. You should be ready to isolate immediately, ideally have the positive person isolate from the rest of the household, and the rest of the household will need to be tested.

If you are lucky enough to have not had it transmitted inside your household, then you can prevent it by having one person only tend to the Covid patient’s needs.

You might want to consider the following:

  • What kind of care does a Covid patient require? Consider addiction needs, appropriate dietary needs, hydration, countertop medicine that can help to relieve some of the symptoms like fever.
  • Do you have a space where they can safely isolate at home away from the rest of the household?
  • What childcare arrangements will you need to make if a primary parent falls ill with Covid?
  • Do you have reliable access to clean drinking water?
  • Is your home/the isolation space well ventilated, dry and warm? Ventilation is important – it is better to have a ventilated room with blankets and warm clothes than an unventilated room.
  • Try to keep your surroundings to a standard that would help anyone get better from the flu (ie minimise condensation, damp and mould).
  • Consider investing in an air purifier with a HEPA filter. These can be expensive – if you are on a benefit then you might want to consider talking with your doctor about a referral for your case manager. Especially if you have unvaccinated children or are on a health and disability benefit. Consider contacting a benefit advisory/advocacy service like BAIS who can advocate on your behalf or advise you on accessing these. If you can’t afford an air purifier then having the windows open and a fan that points out of the window could be an affordable alternative.

Do you have reliable access to a support person if you urgently need something purchased and delivered?

Checklist for whānau to be prepared if someone gets sick with Covid-19
Click for a large version you can download and print for your whare.

4 If a member of your whānau/household is a minitā/tohunga, a pou kōrero/pou karanga, undertaker or in a role to do with caring for tūpāpaku or supporting grieving whānau, how might you support them for the increased level of work that may be ahead of them? People in these positions often have a “N-yes” tendency (they wind up saying yes even when they want to say no).

Can you nominate someone to monitor the demands on their time and energy, and step in when necessary? Do they need a checklist of Covid safety requirements to keep themselves safe in carrying out their duties?

What are the safety precautions they need to take when coming home from their mahi, in order to keep the household safe? Can anyone else be trained to share the load?

Hapū planning

1 Vaccinate.

2 Vaccinations and quality information are vital tools in combatting Covid at a community level, but the best strategy is a “whole of cake”:

A TIERED CAKE SHOWING THE BOTTOM LAYER AS QUALITY INFORMATION, THE MIDDLE LAYER AS VACCINES, THE TOP LAYER AS CONTACT TRACING AND THE CHERRIES ON TOP ARE DISTANCING, MASKS, LOCKDOWNS AND CHECK POINTS

Or the “emmental cheese” strategy:

The safest community is a community that is well informed, well vaccinated, and well masked. None of these tools are as effective as all of these tools together. (Note: contact tracing may be getting phased out as the positive case numbers get out of hand, but it’s still a good idea to ask people locally if they have been to a location or region of interest).

3 How will you deal with the pouri of mass loss in your community? What are the provisions available to you to deal with whānau in distress, or indeed numerous whānau in distress, or an entire community in distress over a sustained period? Do you have access to quality kaiawhina in this area? What role could pure, karakia, waiata, māramataka, kōrero pūrākau play in the healing of the mamae ahead?

4 What are your plans for your marae? Will you stay closed? Will you have conditions for how to operate when open?

Rapid antigen and saliva tests are popular Covid suppression tools overseas with some restaurants having rapid antigen test rest areas outside of venues and restaurants and customers arriving 20 minutes early to get tested before they can go inside. Many households overseas have now normalised testing and test themselves at home a couple of times a week.

Rapid antigen tests are now approved for use in Aotearoa. Is a rapid antigen test area something your marae may want to consider? (note: rapid antigen tests help with suppression, they are not 100% effective because they do not pick up low levels of the virus. While they are convenient and accessible, they should be used in combination with masks, distancing and other rules like telling people to stay home if they are sick).

5 Urupā and tangihanga planning.

    • Pray for the best, but be prepared for the worst.
    • Do you have a plan for high mortality rates?
    • Here are the Ministry of Health guidelines for dealing with tūpāpāku and funeral services
    • How might you support social distancing at tangihanga?
    • Do you have supplies of masks and contact tracing resources?
    • What is your urupā capacity? How might you be able to cope with an increased mortality rate?
    • How can you manaaki/tiaki your pou kōrero, pou karanga, and others involved in the care of tūpākaku and whānau pani?
    • How will you handle hākari? Should hākari meals be offered in takeaway containers? Should hākari be cancelled? If you have hākari on your marae, what are the ventilation and covid requirements?6 Communications strategy. Good public health information is a crucial factor in community health. How will you communicate vital information out to your hapū? Via social media? Do you have someone who can print information out and leave in letterboxes/PO boxes for whānau who are not on social media?

6 Who are your trusted sources of information? Here are some excellent links for relevant, reliable Covid advice:
Te Roopu Whakakaupapa Urutā – The National Māori Pandemic Group has excellent resources and advice on a wide range of Covid issues, made relevant to Māori.
Protect Our Whakapapa – Simple, powerful, on point resources for whānau to protect our whakapapa from Covid.
Dr Rawiri Taonui consistently and tirelessly analyses Covid for te ao Māori.
Dr Morgan Edwards has an easy-to-follow, comprehensive instagram page with quality covid information.

Kura planning

1 Vaccinate.

2 The government has mandated vaccination for all school staff (teaching and non-teaching). While that reduces the risk, it does not eliminate it. Every kaiako and staff member at our kura is vaccinated, but we are keeping our taonga home because we do not know if all of the households of other students (especially under 12s) are vaccinated.

While we know that young children often recover well, those who have required hospitalisation or have suffered from long Covid or severe covid have been children with underlying health problems, in particular underlying respiratory problems.

Overwhelmingly, in Aotearoa, that will be Māori and Pasifika children. Here is a very good general article by the incomparable Dr Jin Russell who outlines a gold standard plan for safely reopening.

    • What provisions will the kura have for parents who need to keep their children home for safety reasons, until they are vaccinated?
    • How will the kura protect young children from unvaccinated parents who may be dropping off or picking up children?
    • Soon the Pfizer vaccine might be available for 5-11 year-olds. Should the kura be considering (if it hasn’t already) kura vaccine clinics so the vaccine is readily available to students and their whānau? Do the whānau need a wānanga on vaccines first, with some trusted information sources?
    • How will you, as a kura, work to protect our pēpi under five?
      Important info for parents of under five: For newborns best protection comes by mother being vaccinated in pregnancy, breastmilk tops up protection and the natural sugars in milk help baby to develop a strong immune system through gut bacteria. Vaccination in pregnancy protects mother during pregnancy and postpartum when she is at high risk from Covid-19. For older infants, mothers being vaccinated while breastfeeding is likely to have some benefits to reduce risk of transmission and some antibody transfer, but only temporarily (some studies suggest four weeks). For toddlers, their own immune system is more developed than infants and are currently less likely to get sick from Covid. For all babies, their best protection comes from everyone around them being vaccinated and staying away when sick. Other studies on vaccinations for pregnant and lactating māmā are here and here.
    • Will classrooms be well ventilated? Here is an excellent article on the importance of ventilation for classrooms. Here is another link to a study carried out by Otago University that outlines the importance of ventilation, HEPA air filters, and CO2 monitors for classrooms.
    • What education resources are available for your kura on Covid, vaccines, and misinformation?

As more resources or important considerations come to hand, I will add them to my website. Again, these aren’t easy discussions, but they are important. It is equally important that you hold these kōrero with aroha, couched in karakia, and to consider the important processes of pure and tuku in order to release the weight of the discussion afterwards.

Indeed, reading this may leave you feeling taumaha. I invite you to tuku. Turn off the device, sit quietly for a moment with the weight of what you have read. Acknowledge it. Commit to taking an action (it might be discussion with your GP, it might be creating a resource, it might be a phone call to learn about services, it might be doing more research, it might be calling a hui) in relation to it.

More Reading

    Bless the weight, and release it to the universe, while retaining your commitment to action. Remember, we have come through this before as a people, and while it’s important to prepare, it’s also important, and possible, to both prepare while holding hope and faith. Offer a brief karakia to emerge back into Te Ao Marama.

    Unuhia, unuhia, unuhia
    Unuhia ki te uru tapu nui
    Kia wātea, kia māmā, te ngākau, te tinana, te wairua i te ara takatā
    Koia rā e Rongo, whakairia ake ki runga, kia tina, tina.
    Hui e, taiki e.

    This article was originally published on TinaNgata.com.

    Keep going!
    Photo: Getty Images/Tina Tiller
    Photo: Getty Images/Tina Tiller

    OPINIONĀteaOctober 20, 2021

    I’m an Aucklander, I hate lockdown, and I want Auckland to go back to level four

    Contributing writer
    Photo: Getty Images/Tina Tiller
    Photo: Getty Images/Tina Tiller

    With the highest number of daily cases since the start of the pandemic announced yesterday, the argument to raise alert levels again is growing stronger.

    Yesterday, 94 new Covid-19 cases were announced. That’s New Zealand’s highest daily total of community Covid cases since the start of the pandemic. Those alarming numbers, coupled with dangerously low vaccination rates mean we need a change of direction. And it needs to happen fast.

    Māori, Pasifika and Tauiwi epidemiologists, modellers and public health experts have joined a chorus over the last week calling for Auckland to shift back to level four. The government should listen. In fact, it’s their responsibility to listen. 

    Despite feeling grateful that we didn’t shift down alert levels on Monday, it’s simply not enough. Auckland very clearly needs a circuit breaker. Picnics and takeaways were a lovely respite from our now two month lockdown, but they’re not worth lives.

    At this point, with this much spread, elimination might be near impossible to get back to. I’ll always believe our step down to level three was premature, and it seems clear to me that there’s a correlation between looser restrictions and rising case numbers. Without a working time machine, however, the only thing we can do now is change what we do next. That needs to be a move to level four.

    A level four circuit breaker at the very least gives us a chance to suppress cases, buying us time to get our vaccination rates higher. That’s particularly necessary for Māori who are overrepresented in the current outbreak and massively underrepresented in vaccinations.

    A level four circuit breaker at the very least buys us time to get vaccination rates up. (Photo: Phil Walter/Getty Images)

    I had a long cry after the government announced the step down to the end of elimination. Every day since, I’ve woken up to a deep sinking feeling in the pit of my puku. And it doesn’t really ever go away. When I’m walking through the park next to my flat, I wonder if the masked people around me feel the same. My spare time is spent unpicking anti-vax articles sent to me by vaccine hesitant whānau and friends. Lockdowns are exhausting, but even more exhausting is the entirely foreseeable situation that our current trajectory is setting us up for.

    We see it in the notable lack of Māori at the 1pm press briefings, we see it in the repetitive advice from Māori experts that the government ignored. In Monday’s press briefing, the prime minister equated Māori consultation on the response with business consultation. Considering that the government exists based on a treaty of partnership with Māori, it’s a pressing issue that Māori have been so left out in all aspects of the design and implementation of this response. Especially when it’s been established that the impacts will likely be most dire for Māori if we don’t take swift action.

    Some days I contemplate the discontent this will breed in the future. The damaging effects on our treaty partnership going forward. 

    This isn’t anything new. And unfortunately it’s this repetitive cycle that sees Māori health, and by extension Māori lives, devalued again and again. Crystalising hundreds of years of inequity that successive governments have failed to address.

    We can say with certainty that lockdowns are not good for the vast majority of small businesses. We can also say with certainty, from overseas experience, that mass spread of a potentially deadly virus is also very bad for small businesses. More importantly, it’s not good for people.

    Because of this, it’s important to acknowledge that a call for a circuit breaker needs to come with sturdy support for struggling businesses. Keeping businesses afloat in this outbreak shouldn’t rely on workers and consumers being put at risk.

    Beyond this, broader support needs to be put in place for everyone. This especially means students, renters, parents, people on benefits, vulnerable people and workers. It’s inequity that has made this Covid outbreak more complex, and potentially more difficult to contain. Giving people what they need to get through this comfortably is really the only way to get everyone on board.

    Giving people what they need to get through this comfortably is really the only way to get everyone on board. (Photo by Mark Mitchell – Pool/Getty Images)

    The lockdowns and elimination strategy hinged on the promise of collectivism. That approach established a way of doing things that in many ways felt revolutionary, in that it centred the value of people’s lives – even if it didn’t align with much other government policy. 

    Neither the pandemic nor any other issues we face today will be solved by individualism. The staunchly empathetic decision-making that has characterised our pandemic response offered hope that we could collectively solve contemporary issues – housing crisis, climate change, inequality, racism – in the same way.

    We’ve seen how most of us in Aotearoa are willing to make sacrifices for the greater good of whānau, friends and importantly strangers too. And we certainly saw a glimmer of that remaining unified response over the weekend with Super Saturday. 

    But the shift from elimination as a strategy has felt crushing and it’s demanded a huge psychological shift for our population. 

    The suggestion that we’ve lost the public will for lockdowns undermines those who are willing. 

    I miss the clattering sounds of cafes. I miss opshopping. I miss “just browsing” in shops. I miss last-minute dinner plans with friends after work. I miss dancing in a club that needs more air-conditioning. I’d love to go to a live comedy show at Basement. I haven’t seen my Wellington-based boyfriend in three months. I wish I could visit my grandma and paint her nails her favourite colour, yellow. Still, I want level four.

    Young people aren’t ambivalent about death or people getting sick. I’m horrified by the risk the loosening of restrictions poses for kaumātua, children, immunocompromised and people with preexisting conditions. Each of these people are taonga. 

    In spite of the message implied by the government’s recent decision making, I remind myself that our lives do matter and we still have time to turn this around. We should do everything we can to not leave anyone behind.

    Ātea