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SocietyJuly 28, 2019

In praise of atheism: How believing in nothing gives my life meaning

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It’s a common argument for religious belief: if you believe that everything ends with death, then what’s the point of life? But the finality of death is exactly what gives value to life, writes atheist Baal Caulfield.

“The universe seems neither benign nor hostile, merely indifferent.”
– Carl Sagan

The other day, while outside filling the boot of my car with recycling, I saw a couple of women heading down the shared driveway. As I watched they knocked on the door of apartment 1, waited a minute, and when no one appeared they moved on to the second door. They were selling something, I knew that much, but what they were selling I didn’t know. It could have been electricity or a new ISP. I watched them out of the corner of my eye, knowing that sooner or later they’d wind up at my door. I went back inside and within two minutes they were there, wanting to share some good news about the Lord. What they were selling was religion.

I was patient and welcoming if not enthusiastic; as always with these types of people, I gave them the respect of hearing them out. As it turns out, I could be saved. My sins could be washed away and the good Lord could grant me eternal life. Eternal life? That’s one hell of sales pitch. I’d be mad to not take them up on the offer. Just one problem: I have already made up my mind – some years ago, in fact.

Once they had finished, I explained I was an existential nihilist and they were barking up the wrong tree with me. They asked what that meant. So I told them that I believed in nothing. Our lives are short and painful. Death is the only certainty and at the end of the day all your efforts in this world will be for nothing. Your life will end and your soul will be gone.

Forever.

That’s it.

Game over, man, game over.

Their response was the one I normally get: “How can you find meaning in that? If life is so bleak, then why bother at all?”

That is an important question. I have never been much into philosophy, far preferring the hard sciences to questions of morality and the meaning of life. While I always thought life was pointless, I had no philosophical basis for that belief. I know that the spiral arms of galaxies sometimes collided, and life on this planet had in the past winked in and out of existence in our planet’s 4.5-billion-year history, all while a quantum foam of probability fizzled around me on the smallest of scales… none of this approached questions of meaning. That all changed when I started reading the existentialist philosophers, like the strange Sartre, the handsome playboy Albert Camus or the confused and often misunderstood Nietzsche.

Now I know that the belief in nothing is what gives my life meaning.

Just like you, I could be snuffed out any second – we all could just disappear, die and slowly be forgotten to history. Unless you cure AIDS, come up with a groundbreaking invention or, I suppose, commit a particularly vicious crime, you’ll soon be forgotten, with no afterlife or god to look forward to.

The fundamental truth, the inescapable fact of life, is that you’ll die. And that is the end.

But it is that finality which drives purpose. We all have just one shot at it, so make the best of it. Life is rich with colour, meaning, beauty and wonder. We are alive in this time and no other. We’re seeing landers on Mars, we’re sending probes to Titan to search for life, we have satellites flying around Europa ‘tasting’ the jets of liquid H20 and breaking down the molecules, sending the results back to Earth so we may study and understand the formation of the solar system and its potential to support life. We have theories about the true nature of reality and beginnings of the universe, a global database in the internet which gives us nearly the sum total of knowledge about our place in the world, from Newton’s Laws of Motion to what some guy thinks about Star Trek. We, all of us, were alive when David Bowie was alive, are alive while Robert Smith is still alive. Each second could be your last, so every second counts.

I have no god or gods, I know there is nothing beyond – no saving grace, no great scorekeeper in the sky. If I don’t do it now it’ll never be done because when that last breath leaves my body, time’s up. Cheque has been cashed and the bucket kicked.

This is where religious belief rubs me the wrong way, because if I am to believe there is a god, a heaven, a reincarnation, an afterlife, then I’ll miss what is now – because what is now is just a phase. Why should I care about the little moments if they are always going to be there?

Having nothing is the meaning to everything.

I have no doubt that people reading this will disagree. As with the people who knocked on my door, I will listen but also debate. If your belief makes you happy, then all power to you. I just happen to believe that a lack of belief makes life richer, more meaningful and stranger than not only can I know now, but can ever know. Grasp it with both hands, steer your own ship and do it now.

You’re not getting another chance.

Keep going!
Getty Images
Getty Images

SocietyJuly 26, 2019

‘Conscientious objector’ doctors causing harm by refusing abortions   

Getty Images
Getty Images

They call themselves conscientious objectors, but doctors opposed to abortion are causing significant harm to patients, according to a new study. Alex Casey reports on a call for a crackdown.

Patients seeking abortion care in New Zealand are experiencing significant delays, financial cost and feelings of stigma and embarrassment as a result of the broad rights of doctors to conscientiously object, an article published today in the New Zealand Medical Journal has found. 

As a result of this harm caused to patients, experts are now calling on the government to consider restricting the rights of doctors who object to abortion. Currently, doctors who object to abortion are not required to organise referrals for their patients, either directly (to an abortion provider) or indirectly (to a colleague who is able to do the referral). 

“We have comparatively restrictive abortion laws and we have really generous provisions for conscientious objectors,” says University of Otago bioethics lecturer Angela Ballantyne, who co-authored the article. “We’ve got the current balance wrong.”

Pro-choice protestors stand outside Parliament. Photo: Emily Writes.

Abortion legislation in New Zealand has remained largely unchanged since 1977, where it is considered legal if two doctors agree that the pregnancy would endanger to a woman’s mental or physical health. There is currently a draft bill in front of cabinet to remove it from the Crimes Act. 

“We need to reflect on the fact that abortion has become a really core health service,” says Ballantyne. “One in four women have had an abortion, one in five pregnancies end in abortion, so I think now the legal framework is off-balance and outdated.” 

“We’re not arguing that there is no room for conscientious objection in New Zealand, but we are saying that balance is too far in favour of doctors rights, and that has potential harm for women trying to access abortion services in New Zealand.”

As outlined in the article, that harm includes delays in access to care, financial costs, as well as feeling stigmatised and a general loss of trust in the system. “Especially if you live in a rural area, there will be more of a delay,” says Ballantyne. 

“Women might have to take time off work, they might have to put kids in childcare, and then are still left to find another doctor.” Research suggests that delays impact on rural women and women in minority groups the most. 

Misinformation surrounding the abortion process is a big problem, and one that can be exacerbated when objecting doctors aren’t required to provide any further information to their patients. 

“I’ve spoken to teenagers who think you can’t get an abortion after 14 weeks, or were told that you need a pre-existing mental health condition, so didn’t even bother trying,” says Ballantyne. “The fact that doctors can just say ‘oh no, I don’t do that’ leaves a lot of women floating around in a confusing system by themselves.” 

There is still a lot of misinformation about the abortion process. Photo: Getty Images

Ballantyne has observed a large discrepancy between how conscientious objectors and their patients perceive the current process. “People who conscientiously object say that it is a respectful conversation and it doesn’t delay services. But then there are stories from women who have been through the same process and felt judged, stigmatised and abandoned when providers won’t do the referrals.” 

In her work with abortion providers, she has heard anecdotal reports of doctors who won’t just object, but convince the patient to change their minds. Doctors are not currently obliged to declare their objection, although many practices have it listed on their website. 

“Part of the difficulty is that we don’t know how many conscientious objectors there are, and we don’t know how the practice plays out because it all happens behind closed doors,” says Ballantyne. 

Within the current law, the consult is free for the pregnant patient, but doctors who object to abortion are still entitled to claim the consultation fee from the government.

As the momentum around abortion law reform gathers speed, Ballantyne says the government should use this opportunity to reflect on what they expect of conscientious objectors when it comes to abortion referral, and should consider restricting their rights relative to where they currently stand. 

“We live in a pluralistic society, but the law needs to provide a better framework that balances the interests of patients who want to access abortion and doctors who want to conscientiously object.”

Outside of parliament, one of the most useful things that Ballantyne has observed in the abortion conversation is being open about the topic.

“The thing that helps raise awareness is women in New Zealand actually talking about their abortion. One in four women have had one – more than have had an IUD. It’s actually a reasonably significant part of our reproductive lives, but we just don’t talk about it. Encouraging people to share those stories really destigmatises it.”